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Aims:This study was carried out to assess the anxiolytic effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of P. edulis.Place and Duration of Study:Animal Physiology Laboratory of the Higher Teachers’ Training College, Animal Physiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Sciences , University of Yaoundé I, from November 2017 toAugust 2018.Methodology: Anxiety was induced to mice by thesub-acute immobilization stress. After 11 days treatment, behavioural parameters were assessed using Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) and Open Field (OF), then biochemical parameters (MDA, GSH, SOD, catalase, GABA, GABA-T and 5-HT) were estimated.Results:The results show that treatment with P. edulisat doses 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly increased open arms entries and time, while reducing closed arms entries and time in the EPM test. Lines crossed as well as passages through the centre and the centre time were significantly increased in the OF test. It is suggested that P.edulis would protect against anxiety and this effect probably linked to its ability to fight oxidative stress and counteract hyperexcitability by potentiating the GABA action. The more effective dose, 100 mg/kg significantly (P<0.01) increased to 4.44 ± 0.24 μmol/g the activity of GSH. In mice treated with dose 100 mg/kg, the extract induced a significant decrease of three oxidative stress markers including MDA, catalase and SOD to0.22 ± 0.01 μmol/g, 1.05± 0.15 mmolH2O2/min/g; and 19.46±0.00 unit/min/mg respectively when compared to the negative control. Animals treated with P. edulis100mg/kg presented a significantincrease level (P<0.001) of GABA and 5-HT up to 4.62 ± 0.28 and μg/g and 31.47 ± 1.58 ng/ml respectively. GABA-T activity was also impacted by the treatment with P. edulis, since the value of GABA-T activity of 1.27 ± 0.10 in the negative control significantly (P<0.001) decreased to 0.37± 0.00 in the group treated with dose 100 mg/kg. Conclusion:The beneficial effects of this extract observed in this study justify the empirical use of P. edulisin the treatment of head ache and insomnia
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The present study examine the in vivo effects of Dorstenia Picta [D. picta] on urinary volume and sodium excretion in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, and determine a possible mechanism by which the extract increased sodium transport in A6 cells monolayers. Administration of the plant extract at the dose of 150 mg/kg during two weeks decreased urinary volume and sodium excretion. In vitro study showed that, apical application of the plant extract at the dose of 100 micro g/mL does not significantly increase sodium transport, whereas basolateral administration provoked a significant [P<0.05] increase of sodium transport in a concentration-dependent manner. The plant extract increases the sodium transport by 69.93% versus 55.41% for insulin and 78.44% for adenosine after 30 min. Preincubation of A6 cells monolayers with inhibitor of all adenosine receptors completely suppressed adenosine and plant extract stimulated sodium transport. Interesting is that, the A1 inhibitor receptor [DPCPX], at 100 nM completely abolished the effect of plant extract. The plant extract increased sodium transport by increase PI3-kinase activity and this effect is strongly inhibited by LY-294002. These data also suggest that, the twigs methanol fraction from Dorstenia picta increase sodium transport via PI 3-kinase pathway and requires A1 adenosine receptor